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Like other Sufis, they also entered the South Asian subcontinent and spread out in various directions.

They used to roam about the desert singing.

Votaries of this sect of Sufism in Iran, dating back to the 8th-9th centuries, were fond of music and participated in secret devotional practices based on sexual free-mixing. Regarding the origins of the sect, one recent theory suggests that Bauls are descendants of a branch of Sufism called ba'al. Little is known about when the sect originated or of the origin of the word 'Baul'.īy the 15th century, however, the sect had made its appearance as is evident from the use of the term in Shah Muhammad Sagir's yusuf-zulekha, Maladhar Basu's srikrishnavijay, Bahram Khan's laily-majnu, and Krishnadas Kaviraj's Srichaitanyacharitamrita. In fact, certain Baul rites are based on the combined devotional practices of a man and a woman. While there are some ascetics Bauls, there are no restrictions on men and women living together. One is not born a Baul, but becomes one, after initiation by a guru. They are iconoclasts and humanists who believe that all human beings are equal, irrespective of caste and creed. Bauls do not believe in organised religion and do not frequent mosques or temples. In this there is a fusion of the sahajiya and Sufi concepts of devotion with sufism enjoying some predominance. Bauls practice secret devotional rites, centering on the belief that the human body is the seat of all truths. Baul a mendicant folk sect, generally inhabiting the districts of kushtia, meherpur, chuadanga, jhenaidah, faridpur, jessore, and pabna and associated with devotional songs known as Baul songs.